Tuesday, October 5, 2010

Y! Alert: Telecom-Funda

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A Look at NTT DoCoMo's 3G Network Top
What do I do on a short stopover in Japan? Right, I check out the 3G networks there. After all, NTT DoCoMo was the first network operator to launch UMTS (FOMA). Also, they have no GSM network to fall back to so they need to think a lot harder about 3G indoor coverage and ubiquitous coverage on trains, etc., so voice calls don't drop. In addition, if the 3G network works well in Tokyo with its high population density there's no excuse anywhere else. And indeed, the network worked very well during my stay and the setup was unlike anywhere else. On the way from the airport small screen web surfing on my mobile worked just fine and I never lost the network. Also, I never lost the network indoors. In a shopping mall I always had a strong signal and only one cell, so it's likely there was dedicated indoor coverage and no repeater bringing in the signal from outside. At first, it looked like DoCoMo had only one carrier on air in the Ginza district, as no inter-frequency measurements were configured by the network. But when transferring data, the UE was immediately put on another carrier frequency while it was in Cell-DCH state. I observed two additional carriers. Here, the UE was kept for around 10 seconds after the last piece of data was transferred, a value seen in many other networks as well. When no more data is transferred, the mobile is returned to the initial carrier and kept in Cell-FACH state for around 90 seconds. Not very energy efficient and much longer values compared to those I've observed in many other networks which range from 10 to 30 seconds. (Hello Fast Dormancy!) If still no data was transferred during that time, the network sets the connection in Cell-PCH state for around 2 minutes after which the connection is put into the idle state. Again quite a surprise for two reasons. Why a 90 seconds FACH phase when the networks puts the connection in Cell-PCH afterwards? And why only 2 minutes in this state afterwards? I am sure they have their reasons but I can't quite figure them out. Most (of the few) other networks that use Cell-PCH I have observed in Europe so far quickly put the mobile to the Cell-PCH state, for example after 5-10 seconds in Cell-DCH state and a further 5-10 seconds in Cell-FACH state. Afterwards, mobiles are kept there for long durations, 30 minutes not being uncommon. Some networks even use the URA-PCH state if a mobile moves between cells during that time to reduce the amount of required signaling. Quite a different strategy. Ah yes, and then there are voice calls. I made a couple of calls and they were all handled on the basic carrier. Softbank also has a 3G network in Japan and it would have been interesting to see what they are doing. Unfortunately, no roaming agreement was in place so my mobile would not roam on that network. Well, next time then...
 
3GPP Green activities / Energy Saving initiatives Top
 

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Monday, October 4, 2010

Y! Alert: Telecom-Funda

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LTE roaming likely a long way off Top
Source: FierceWireless
 
Voice Over LTE: More Pitfalls Than Promise for Now Top
Source: Heavy Reading Cellular operators worldwide are building, trialing, or planning Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks at an ever-increasing pace. Initially they will use the emerging high-speed wireless technology to provide data services mobile Internet access. But the recent development of a technical foundation for delivering voice calls over IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network infrastructure in the form of the voice over LTE (VoLTE) spec finally provided a standardized way to deliver voice calls in addition to broadband data services over LTE networks. Thus it would seem that there is little to keep VoLTE services from spreading worldwide, as well.
 
T-Mobile Says 4G Can Wait, Clearwire WiMax Is 'Niche' Top
Source: Bloomberg Deutsche Telekom AG's T-Mobile USA said it doesn't need to rush into getting a fourth-generation mobile network, and it prefers technology known as long-term evolution, or LTE, over Clearwire Corp.'s WiMax.
 
Far EasTone, HTC to Co-Open TD-LTE Test Lab Top
Source: CENS.com Far EasTone Telecom Co., Ltd. and HTC Corp. will co-open a laboratory in a Far EasTone-run industrial park in northern Taiwan to test consumer-premise equipment built on time-division long-term evolution (TD-LTE) technology for Taiwan`s suppliers.
 
Will LightSquared's LTE Network Reduce Middle Mile Costs? Top
Source: GigaOM
 

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Y! Alert: Telecom-Funda

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Y! Alert: Telecom-Funda

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4G licenses in 2.6 GHz not so attractive in Europe so far Top
 
Verizon Wireless paying millions in refunds for erroneous data charges Top
 
Aspen Institute's Blair Levin touts reverse auctions Top
 
Bridgewater, Sandvine partner for policy management solution Top
 
Recap of MIMO Technologies in 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced Top
 
UMA For Android Shows How Easy Voice Over LTE Can Be Top
Here's a press report I picked up recently from Kineto, who've ported their UMA protocol stack and application to Android Froyo. This may sound a bit cryptic but it has interesting implications for Voice over LTE. For those of you who can't place the term UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access), it's basically GSM voic calls over Wi-Fi. On the mobile device, all layers of the protocol stack of GSM are reused with the exception of the lowest layers where the UMA software introduces a switch so phone calls and signaling are either using the GSM infrastructure or a Wi-Fi access point that connects to the Internet. For the user its completely seamless. On the network side, the base station and the base station controler is replaced by a UMA gateway controler that connects to the Internet on the one side and to the network operator's core network on the other. To the core network the gateway looks like a GSM base station controler which makes UMA also transparent to the core network, i.e. no software or hardware chagnes needed there at all. So UMA on Android, what does that have to do with voice over LTE? Well, as you might be aware of, there's no built in voice telephony functionality in LTE. That's why a number of different options have been suggested, one of them being Voice over LTE via GAN, or VoLGA for short. Now GAN (Generic Access Network) is just a synonym for UMA and that already tells most of the story. Volga replaces the Wi-Fi layer of UMA with LTE. In other words, to close the circle, there's only little work required to modify the UMA Client for Android to use not only a Wi-Fi network but also an LTE network once Android LTE devices become available. With a client available for Android, operator based Voice over IP has arrived in the smarphone space (beyond RIM) and on an operating system that will play a major role in future LTE devices. And the work to make the software work with LTE is almost trivial since both Wi-Fi and LTE are IP based networks. So 99.9% of the software don't care if Wi-Fi or LTE is used for the transport of the IP packets that contain the speech data of an ongoing voice call. One additional thing that requires a bit more work is the handover of an ongoing voice call from LTE to GSM (or UMTS) when the user is at the coverage limit of the LTE network. But like UMA, which is a 3GPP standardized technology, 3GPP also comes to help out here as there are already methods defined to do just that. The functionality is referred to a Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SR-VCC). Specified in a generic way it can be used for IMS and also for Volga and potentially other solutions in the future. While it takes a bit of work to implement SR-VCC into Volga, its fully specified and well worth to be done, as LTE - GSM handover of voice calls is a network operator's biggest asset to stay relevant in the voice call domain in the future as over the top voice applications have no way of doing that.
 

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Sunday, October 3, 2010

Y! Alert: Telecom-Funda

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Friday, October 1, 2010

Y! Alert: Telecom-Funda

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When the Hotel Wi-Fi Just Doesn't Cut It
Here I am again in a hotel in the US, the Hilton in San Jose to be exact, and I am glad that I have quad-band 3G stick and the AT&T prepaid SIM with me, as the Wi-Fi/fixed Ethernet connectivity in the hotel just doesn't cut it. Available for 10 dollars extra a day, I just get a meager 150 kbit/s through the line with highly variable delays and packet loss. Even at 3 a.m. (hello jet lag...) the speed is less than 1 MBit/s. No matter how many MBit/s your DSL line is capable of, dear Hilton manager, it's far from enough. We are in Silicon valley, so heavy Internet use should not be surprising!? So I vote with my feet. No money for you for the Internet access, it's gone to AT&T. Not that their 3G network is anywhere close to the best I've seen with the 2 MBit/s I get, but way beyond what comes out of that Ethernet jack in my room. Reminds me a bit of the stick meeting post I wrote some time ago. Let's see how many 3G sticks are used in the meeting today in the US.
 

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